1 .- The concept of prayer and its constituents: subject and predicate.
/ pronoun Who is the president?
/ nominalized infinitive: The curse is a practice not recommended for inner peace.
/ an adjective, noun: Red is my car .
Therefore, both the Dependency Grammar as poststructuralism argue that, under this type predicate, the sentence is only mandatory component of this core predicate, verb, around which other variables are grouped, among which is the subject. Hence, as we shall see below, the binding to be called into question the traditional definition of prayer generative rewritten as SN + SV (V + Pdo.).
2 .- The agreement between subject and predicate.
Both elements are closely cohesion from the standpoint of morphology and syntax: the concordance. English verbs have person and number morphemes that agree with the subject in the following table endings, assuming the subject in the morphology and occasionally making his presence unnecessary: \u200b\u200b Are you going? :
General simple Perfect Imperative
I 0 0 -
You - s - ste 0
He, she or you 0 0 -
Nosotros-as -mos -mos -
Vosotros-as -is -steis -d
Ellos-as o ustedes -n -ron 0
On the other hand, there solecisms or matching errors, in the truest sense pants button pinch me. But it is also true that there is discordance ad sensum , or psychological, and verbs of estimation becomes more important as the indirect object is the more relevant information acquired : We like football , or sometimes when you weigh the collective pluarlidad a morphologically plural: The crowd, after much crying, came at he .
Subjects with coordinated noun phrases tend to agree in plural: Life and death are mysteries of man . Unless the second core is not updated nominal itself, taking on the update of the front, joining with him The sewing and ironing is a task unkind.
When the verb prefix can match the first noun phrase: was impressed Amanacer and honey-colored sky. Other times, simply the closest match: He told the group friends and his brother not to be late .
On the other hand we have disagreements on so-called semantic plural of modesty and majestic, which uses the first person plural for the singular. In one to make me disappear a sometimes presumptuous or to share responsibility rhetorically opined: maintain that such a theory is wrong. The majestic to mark the representative character of a plurality of one person: We, King .
3 .- The problem of the subject as agent: the semantic definition.
Traditional grammar defines the subject as one who performs an action-Juan shopping coupons everyday. However, the idea of \u200b\u200ba subject agent is undermined by the failure to realize the semantic categories that an individual may purchase.
• In the attributive sentences, the subject was credited with a quality, describes a quality or status: John is tall.
• In the middle voice, the process takes place in the subject without it being Agent: Peter blushed at the praise.
· Similarly there are subjects that are the opposite of agents as they are affected by the verbal action, ie they are patients: Visitation received a letter.
adventitious
· The subjects are not agents but a foreign agent provokes action: When turned on the TV all were silent.
· On the contrary, subjects are causative action is performed, but they are not actors: I cut my hair yesterday. Sometimes it's own language worldview that disambiguate, as, strictly speaking, it is possible that the subject is truly agent.
We conclude therefore that the subject is a grammatical category that can not be defined from a semantic point of view as an agent. Its function is a functional and grammatical reality does not necessarily imply a single case of semantics.
4 .- Obligations of the subject.
According to poststructuralism a speech act or event - come! - Is unique in space and time. To him behind in a first degree of abstraction, an expression which is the sentence with intonation and potential context: I want you to come. In turn, the expression is abstracted into a scheme that dispenses sentence everything that is not necessarily governed by the verb and its semantic cases are replaced by permanent markers: Someone wants something.
A sentence diagram is necessarily a core predicate, verb, and a number of variables which may be compulsory or not. Among these variables is the individual, supported by the prayers with him this or elliptic-, but absent in the impersonal: they are pure preaching of an extra-linguistic reality. Thus we have the phenomenon of weather: It rained a lot last night, the grammaticalized to be, do, be and be: It is night is cloudy, It is cold, there are important people ,...; the absolute with yourself: You live at home with children, among them, if the verb agrees with the CD, are passive: bottles are sold in this case do have grammatical subject, the patient, but no logical subject as an agent - but if they disagree with the CD will be active: For sale bottles.
On the other hand we unimembres speech acts related to the expressive mode: Police!. In these the subject is not in the speech act because it has been omitted, not because there is: this event will core lies a predicative sentence, comes the police!. However, it is clear that the fact that they are admissible as a fact unimembres Standard: community use of these buildings has led lack of subject as unimembres their fossilization, but the system of language reveals to us as speaking events that do have a subject, but failed.
elliptical subject's prayers are the ones who are quiet in the act of speaking for several reasons: the verbal morphemes person and number is assumed, making it unnecessary to appear: Are you coming? It is may be unknown: They killed the president, or that is understood by the partners: They sweep the streets.
5 .- Types of preaching in English.
The sentence structure, as we define it, compose a subject and a predicate. At the same time, the sentence is composed of a dictum and a modus. The dictum serves the content of the representation and its reflection in the morphosyntactic and semantic nature of prayer. The modus-which will be discussed at length in addressing mode, adds the attitude and commitment of the issuer regarding your statement: that the dictum Juan comes with a hortatory appeal mode produces the sentence: That comes John! Following the dictum, sentences can be divided into attributive and predicative.
5.1 .- nominal predicate.
Its structure corresponds to a subject of which is given quality expressed in a predicate. The quality or attribute, attached to the subject by means of a verb that functions as a mere copula. These are the linking verbs "be, and appear to be," expressing a way of being. So its structure is: subject + predicate (copula + attribute).
The copula may be omitted in sentences unimembres: How beautiful [it is]!. On the other hand, can work even as a verb intransitive predicate in sentences: I do not want it!, I'll be home ... With impersonal: It's daylight, and as an assistant: The car has been produced by Seat.
semicopulativos verbs are verbs normally predicative that vary in meaning to express a quality of the subject, but without being merely connecting links: Friends were happy. 5.2 .-
verbal predicate. The
predicative sentences express a mode happen extralinguistic reality. In this area have been classified according to criteria and active-passive voice-transitivity and reflexivity, impersonal impersonal and not-for these and we have been up, we will discuss now the other.
The transitive have a first affected by the verbal action, the direct object (henceforth CD), which they need to fully express its meaning, while the intransitive do not. However, the absolute transitive sentences are those that do not need a CD-Mourn.
The reflective are a subset of the transitive : in these the subject and the end of the action regarding sharing: they can be direct if such a term is CD-I coat or indirect if the indirect, or Greek accusative - I entertained my face. Are causative if the subject is not agent, but, semantically, mediator for the action: I built an igloo.
The reflective calls intrinsic pronominal verbs correspond to the meaning of which takes place in the subject, but it clearly constitutes as a real agent or the term: I regretted what I did.
Some authors include here the ethical dative sentences as a term of action that can match the referent of the subject, although that term is stylistic and Ilia: I took my car and left.
The reciprocal are a form of reflective, but in this case is, semantically, a plurality whose members are held mutually action: The children gave blow from a ball. Within
intransitive, made the following division Alarcos perspective semantics:
· Static: express a way of being: I performed well.
· Dynamics : express process: I ran yesterday. Any
· : are eventually transitive verbs intransitive construction: Yesterday I ate late. The
passives are not a subject that official verbal action, as with the active, but as the subject receives the action of the verb and complement agent that performs the action. From there it transitions to subject and that CD is in the active voice: That car has been manufactured by Seat> Seat has made that car. However, the rule prevents this transformation in some cases, I have back pain> * Backaches are taken by me.
The reflexive passive are formed with the brand and the verb in third person, can be switched by a passive periphrastic: We have signed the peace> Peace has been signed.
